Carbonating apparatus.



No. 658,798. Patented Oct. 2, I900.

E. E. MURPHY. CARBONATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Nov. 27, 1899.}

(HQ Model.)

m: NORRIS PiTERS co, womurua. wmumsrcn. n. c.

"NITED STAT-Es ATENT OFFICE.

THE NEW ERA OARBONATOR VIRGINIA.

COMPANY, OF CHARLESTOWN, WEST cARBoNA-nne APPARATUS.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters ratent No. 658,798, dated October 2, 1966. Applicationfiled November 2'7, 1899. Serial No. 738,340. (No model.)

To a whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD E. MURPHY, of Somerville,in the countyof Middlesexand State of Massachusetts, have invented certain: new and useful Improvements in Oarbonating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to apparatus for carbonating water or other liquids.

The object of this invention is to provide a simple and efficient automatic apparatus which shall produce a thorough mechanical quantity has been accumulated and automatically starting when the accumulation isv reduced.

My invention consists of certain novel features hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a construction embodying myinvention, Figure l is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus embodying my invention, with the lower part of the storage-reservoir in full Fig. 2 isacross-sectional view'through the induction-head hereinafter described. 7

Like letters of reference refer to like parts throughout both views.

A represents a reservoir or receptacle for the carbonated liquid produced by the appa ratus to be described. A suitable outlet distributing-pipe B extends down into said res-j ervoir and is connected at its upper end to the outlet-passage B in the coupling 0, which I is screwed into the top of the reservoir A, with a suitable bushing 0 between the top of the reservoir and the annular flange C on said coupling. This passage B communicates with the passage B of the chamber 13 which is screwed into the coupling 0 at The passage 13* communicates with the outlet B of said chamber, and communication between said passage B and the outlet B is controlled by the valve B having a suitable operatinghandle 8 Into the top of the coupling C is screwed the valve-casing E, having a passage storage-reservoir A.

i D, controlled by the valve E, haviuga suitable operating-handle E This passage communicates with the passage D in the coupling 0, and through said passage the liquid and gas mixed in the mixing-chamber pass to the In the upper end of the valve-casing E is screwed the lower end of the tube F, on which is screw-threaded at its upper end the spray-head H. In the upper part of said spray-head H is located the adjustable spray-nozzle I, having a series of perforationsJ,and said nozzle is supported in said head by resting in the upper end of the induction-head G, and supported in said nozzle is the strainer L. On the upper ends of said spray-head and nozzle is an annular packing M, of any suitable material and on which rests theflange M of the water-inlet pipe M and to said pipe M is secured a globe-valve M having a suitableoperating handle M and communicating with said globe-valve M is a pipe N, having a suitable checkvalve N, and

said pipe is connected to asuitable source of water under high pressure. Over said flange M is located the pipe N which is screwthreaded around the head H and holds the globe-valve and water-inlet pipe in fixed position, as shown. Located on one side of the spray-head H is a nose 0, communicating with the interior of said head and having an inlot-passage O for the gas-supply and controlled by the valve O having a suitable flexible face to adapt itself readily to its seat, and acting against said valve is a coiled spring 0 adapted to assist in operating the valve 0 to close the passage 0 as the apparatus fills with water. The cap 0 is screwed into the top of the nose 0 and has an opening in which the upper end of the stem of the valve 0 moves, and against said cap rests the upper end of saidspring 0 The valve E is for the purpose of shutting off communication between the mixingchamber G, which is screwed on the lower end of the head G, and the reservoirAat any time when desired without interfering with the distribution of the carbonated liquid from the reservoir A.

Thehead G is threaded at its upper end and screwed into the head H, and its lower end is also threaded, and to it is secured the mixing-chamber G, as above stated. The induction-head G is provided with four radial passages G and the vertical central passage G which opens at its lower end into the chamber G, and its upper end communicates with the water-inlet through the perforations J. In the chamber G between the lower end of the head H and the cap G secured to the lower end of said chamber, there is located the metallic sponge G composed of layers of wire-cloth, and by means of which the liquid and gas are minutely subdivided in order to facilitate their mechanical combination, and said sponge is held in a compact body by the head G and the cap G The mixing-chamber G is located within the tube F and is of smaller diameter than said tube to provide between them a passage G to allow the upward circulation of any excess of gas which may pass down through the chamber G and which has not become mechanically mixed with the water.

The gas passing up through the passage G will pass into the radial passages G of the induction-head G and meet the incoming water from the nozzle I and pass down into the chamber G. By this arrangement the churning of the gas and liquid takes place, so as to produce a proper intermixture of the two, and any excess of gas returns and is brought into contact with the entering liquid, so that the carbonated liquid passing down through the passages D and D into the reservoir A is properly intermixed.

In operation the liquid-supply pipe is connected to a high-pressure pipe under from one hundred and seventy-five to two hundred pounds pressure, and the gas-supplyis connected to a gas-supply tank of, say, one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and fifty pounds pressure. To prepare the apparatus for actual use, gas is first supplied through the passage 0 and drives out all the air from the apparatus through the pipe B and the outlet 13, after which the valve B is shut off to close the outlet, and the gas is allowed to reach the pressure required. Water or other liquid is then admitted through the waterinlet N under the pressure above stated,which is above the gas-pressure, and passes through the inlet I and head G, and the liquid being cut up by the sponge G at once causes the absorption of the gas in the chamber G on the passage of the liquid to the reservoir until the apparatus is entirely filled with carbonated liquid up to the perforations J in the nozzle 1. Now when the carbonated liquid is drawn off through the pipe 13, the spraynozzle I being so constructed as to retard the admission of water, the carbonated liquid is drawn oif faster than the same amount of water can be supplied in the same period of time through said nozzle, thereby providing room for the entrance of more new gas, which enters by the opening of the valve 0 which valve is opened on account of the gas-pressure behind it, which is then greater than the pressure within the tube F, which pressure at that instant has been reduced by the drawing off of the carbonated liquid. Now the water continuing to flow in through the nozzle I produces a greater pressure than the pressure of the gas admitted to the mixingchamber by the drawing 0E of the carbonated liquid and closes the valve 0 before the water-lever has reached said valve, which remains closed as the water rises and fills the tube, and the valve is maintained in its closed position by means of the spring 0 and the rising water and consequent pressure in the chamber F as said chamber fills.

The mixing-chamber G is of much less diameter than the reservoir A, so that by partially or entirely emptying said chamber the reduction of pressure, owing to the reduction of volume, will cause the admission of new gas by reason of the gas-pressure being snfliciently great to open the valve 0 and pass into the chamber G. As the water continues to flow in through the nozzle it passes down into the chamber G and mixes with the gas previously admitted to said chamber, and as the volume of water increases the pressure increases and closes the gas-valve 0 As the chamber G gradually fills the increase in volume increases the pressure,and thereby closes the valve 0 as soon as the pressure exceeds the gas-pressure. The admission of the gas to the chamber G is not due to the flow of water into said mixing-chamber; but its admission is controlled by the withdrawal of a certain volume of carbonated liquid, which causes a reduction of pressurein the mixingchamber below the initial gas-pressu re, so that the gas under its own pressure passes into the mixing-chamber at that instant, where it is mixed with the water passing down through said sponge contained in the mixing-chamber.

As previously stated, any excess of gas which may pass with the carbonated liquid from the bottom of the chamber G will leave said carbonated liquid and circulate up through the passage G and willbe drawn into' the head G through the passages G by the induction of the in flowing water and comes into contact with a fresh supply of water, so that in this manner the gas is utilized and no excess passes down in the storage-reservoir, as a certain volume of water takes up a certain volume of gas, and any excess of gas passes up and is utilized by coming in contact with a fresh supply of water and mixing therewith. In this apparatus the original gas coming through the passage 0 is fed by its own pressure into the mixing-chamber G, while any excess of gas passing from the bottom of the chamber is drawn up by the induction of the inflowing water. The excess of gas passes up because it is lighter than the water.

The check-valve N is for the purpose. of preventing loss of gas in the event of a break in the liquid-supply pipe.

The valve P, having a suitable handle P, controls the air-outlet P through which air is allowed to escape from'time to time by operating the valve P.

I do not limit myself to thearrangement and construction shown, as the same maybe varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus ascertained the nature of my invention and set forth a construction embodying the same, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is'

1. In a carbonating apparatus, aliquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquid -pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of pressure in the mixing-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the flow of the liquid, means operating to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid, and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid.

2. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inletpipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquid pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of pressure in the mixing-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the flow of the liquid, means for subdividing and mechanically combining the gas and liquid, means operating to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid, and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid.

3. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquid-pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gasinlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of pressure in the mixing-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the flow of the liquid, means through which the gas and liquid are forced under pressure for subdividing and mechanically combining the same,

means operating to allow the gas to. till the mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid,and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid.

4. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquid-pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of pressure in the mixing-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the flow of the liquid, a wire sponge through which the gas and liquid are forced under pressure for subdividing and mechanically combining the same, means operating to allow the gas to fill the-mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid, and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid.

5. In a carbonating apparatus, aliquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquidpressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas to admit the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in said chamber below the gas-pressure, means for retarding the flow of the liquid from the liquid-inlet pipe into the mixing-chamber to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before itis filled with the liquid, and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid. I

6. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquidpressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas to admit the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in said chamber be low the gas-pressure means for retarding the flow of the liquid from the liquid-inlet pipe into the mixing-chamber, means in said mixing chamber for subdividing and combining the gas and liquid, and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixingchamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the inflowing liquid.

7. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-inlet pipe forsupplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquidpressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas to admit the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in said chamber below the gas-pressure, a nozzle having a restricted outlet to retard the How of the liquid from the liquid-inlet pipe into the mixingchamber, and a passage through which the excess ofgas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid.

8. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-inlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquidpressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas to admit the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in said chamber below the gas-pressure, a nozzle having a restricted outlet to retard the flow of the liquid from the liquid-inlet pipe into the mixing-chamber, a strainer located in said nozzle and a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the inflowing liquid.

9. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquid-in let pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixingchamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquid-supply under initial liquid-pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of pressure in the mixing-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the fiow of the liquid, means operating to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid, a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the inflowing liquid, and an induction-head through which the incoming gas and liquid pass into the mixing-chamber and through which the excess of gas passes into the mixing-chamber by the induction of the infiowing liquid.

10. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquidinlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixing-chamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquidsupply under initial liquid-pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in the mixing-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the flow of the liquid, means operating to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid, a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the inflowing liquid, an induction-head provided with radial passages through which the incoming gas and excess of gas pass into the mixing-chamber and provided with a vertical passage through which the incoming liquid passes to the liquid-chamber, and means for subdividing and combining the gas and liquid.

11. In a carbonating apparatus, a liquidinlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas-inlet pipe forsupplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixing-chamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquidsupply under initial liquid-pressure and norr15 mally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in the mix- :20 lug-chamber below the gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the fiow of the liquid, means operating to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before it is 125 filled with the liquid, a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the infiowing liquid, an induction-head provided with radial 1 o passages through which the incoming gas and excess of gas pass into the mixing-chamberand provided with a vertical passage through which the incoming liquid passes to the liquidchamber, and a wire sponge through which the gas and liquid are forced under pressure for subdividing and combining the same.

12. In a carbonating apparatns,-a liquidinlet pipe for supplying liquid under pressure, a gas inlet pipe for supplying gas under less pressure than that on the liquid, a mixing-chamber for the gas and liquid in constant open communication with the liquidsnppl y under initial liquid-pressure and normally filled with gas and liquid, a valve normally closing said gas-inlet pipe by the pressure in said mixing-chamber and adapted to open automatically by the pressure of the gas upon a reduction of the pressure in the mixing-chamber belowthe gas-pressure to admit the gas which flows into the mixing-chamber by its own pressure independently of the flow of the liquid, means for retarding the flow of the liquid from the liquid-inlet pipe into the mixing-chamber to allow the gas to fill the mixing-chamber before it is filled with the liquid, a passage through which the excess of gas from the mixing-chamber returns to said mixing-chamber and is drawn therein by the induction of the inflowing liquid, an induction-head provided with radial passages through which the incoming gas and excess of gas pass intothe mixing-chamber and provided with a vertical passage through which the incoming liquid passes to the liquidchamber, and a wire sponge through which the gas and liquid are forced under pressure for subdividing and combining the same.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 16th day of November, A. D. 1899.

' EDWARD E. MURPHY.

Witnesses:

A. L. MESSER, O. A. STEWART. 

